Retatrutide
Overview
Retatrutide is an investigational triple-agonist peptide designed to target three key metabolic hormone receptors involved in weight regulation and glucose control:
- GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1)
- GIP (glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide)
- Glucagon receptor
This multi-receptor approach is intended to improve metabolic flexibility, enhance fat loss, and preserve lean mass more effectively than single-pathway therapies.
Mechanism of Action
Retatrutide activates:
| Receptor | Function |
|---|---|
| GLP-1 | Reduces appetite, slows gastric emptying, increases insulin secretion |
| GIP | Enhances insulin response and nutrient partitioning |
| Glucagon | Increases energy expenditure and fat oxidation |
By stimulating all three pathways, Retatrutide produces a synergistic metabolic effect that promotes weight loss while supporting glycemic control.
Clinical Evidence
Phase 2 human clinical trials demonstrated:
- Significant reductions in body fat
- Improved insulin sensitivity
- Preservation of lean tissue compared to GLP-1–only drugs
In several studies, subjects achieved double-digit percentage reductions in total body weight over short study periods.
Research Context
Triple-agonist peptides represent the next generation of metabolic therapeutics. Retatrutide builds upon earlier GLP-1 drugs (such as semaglutide and tirzepatide) by adding a glucagon receptor component, increasing fat oxidation and metabolic rate.
Safety Considerations
Retatrutide remains an investigational compound. Reported side effects in clinical trials include:
- Nausea
- Gastrointestinal discomfort
- Appetite suppression
Long-term safety continues to be evaluated in ongoing clinical research.
Sources
- New England Journal of Medicine
- PubMed clinical trial registry
- Eli Lilly phase-2 metabolic trial data
(Full citations are updated as trials are published.)
This page is intended for educational and scientific reference only.